Boat or vessel



S. GOLDEN.

BOAT 0R VESSEL.

APPLICATION mm FEB. 16. me.

Patented June 3, 1919.

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BOAT 0R VESSEL.

APPLICATION FILE-D FEB. I6 1918.

1,305,96, Pal-rented June 3,1919.

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SAMUEL GOLDEN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO HULLFIN BOAT COMPANY, INC., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

BOAT OR VESSEL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 3, 1919.

Application filed February 16, 1918. Serial No. 217,630.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL GOLDEN, a citizen of the United States, and resident of the borough of Manhattan, in the city and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Boats or Vessels, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to boats or vessels and has for its Obj ect the provision of means for overcoming the suction or partial vacuum created at the bow and stern of the Vessel during its movement through the wa- It is a fact that when a vessel, especially one which is heavily laden, is propelled or drawn through the water, a suction or partial vacuum is created under its bow which tends to draw the bowdown into the water and thus to retard its progress. A similar effect is produced at the stern of the boat and is here intensified, if the boat is power driven, by the action of the screw propeller which tends to drive the water away from beneath the stern, thus causing the stern to settle in the water. The tendency of the bow to dip or root in the water is particularly noticeable in flat bottomed rboats, such as scows or barges, and it is partially be cause of this tendency that such boats are so ditficult to tow and to steer.

The object of my invention is, therefore, to provide a simple and inexpensive means for overcoming this suction or partial vac uum and for relieving what is known as skin friction on the sides, stern and fin or keel of the boat which friction has an efiect in slowing up its movemen These objects are accomplished by means of a series of pipes so arranged as to supply air to those points on the hull or fin of the vessel where the retarding influences are at work.

A further object is to provide a simple and inexpensive apparatus for efiecting the result desired, as well as one which can be installed in a boat without sacrificing a material amount of carrying space.

A practical embodiment of-my invention is represented in the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents a view in perspective of the bow or stem of a scow or barge, with my apparatus in operative position,

Fig. 2 represents a similar view showing a modified form of the apparatus,

Fig. 3 represents a detailed longitudinal sectional view of the boat showing the apparatus of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 represents a detailed transverse sectional view showing the apparatus of Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 represents a detailed longitudinal sectional view showing the apparatus of Fig. 2,

Fig. 6 represents a detailed transverse sectional view showing the apparatus of Fig. 2,

Fig. 7 represents a view in perspective of the bow or stem of a boat having a sharp prow with my apparatus installed,

Fig. 8 represents a detailed longitudinal sectional view of the boat shown in Fig. 7

Fig. 9 represents a detailed transverse sectional View of the same,

Fig. 10 represents a detailed plan view of the construction of the channels and pipe connection in a steel plated vessel,

Fig. 11 represents a section taken in the plane of the line XIXI of Fig. 10, looking in the direction of the arrows,

Fig. 12 represents a side elevation of a power vessel having an under-body or fin containing the motive power and propeller shaft, showing the application of my invention thereto,

Fig. 13 represents a horizontal section taken in the plane of the line XIIL-XIII of Fig. 12, looking in the direction of the arrows, and

Fig. 1 1 represents a vertical section taken in the plane of the line XIV-XIV of Fig. 12, looking in the direction of the arrows.

While it should be understood that my invention is intended for use and can be very efiectively used at the stern of a vessel, its attachment and operation at the stern is substantially a duplication of its attachment and operation at the bow and therefore the subsequent description will be confined, for the sake of convenience and simplicity, to the bow or stem of the vessel.

Figs. 1 to 6 of the drawings, show various forms of my apparatus installed in a flat bottomed scow, or barge. The bottom of the barge is denoted by 1, the sides by 2 and the stem by 3. Along the line Where the stem 3 joins the bottom 1, a groove or channel 4: is located extending from one side of the barge to the other.

In the form shown in Figs. 1, 3 and 4:, a

pair of pipes are located adjacent the stem 3. of the barge and substantially parallel thereto, one end of each pipe beingsecured in a hole 6 in the groove 4 and the other end passing through the deck of the barge at the extreme bow. The pipes 5 are provided.

fin 13. Each channel 14 with right angled branch pipes 7, the ends of which pass into and are secured in holes 8 in the stem 3 located below the water line when the barge is loaded. Each pipe 5 is also provided with a pair of right angled branch pipes 9, the ends of which pass into and are secured in holes 10 in the sides 2 of the barge, whichholes are located adjacent to the stem 3 and below the water line when the barge is loaded. Each pipe 5 is provided with a shut-ofi valve 11 located just above thepoint where the pipe enters the hole 6 in the channel 4.

In the form shown in Figs. 2, 5 and 6, the pipes 5, instead of being substantially parallel to the stem of the barge, are arranged substantially perpendicular tothe bottom 1 and the branch pipes 7, which connect with the holes 8 in the stem 3, are curved so as to enter the holes 8 in a plane at right angles to the stem 3.

In this form, each hole 10 in the side of the barge is provided with a separate pipe 12 connecting it with'the deck of the barge.

In Figs. 7, 8 and 9, the apparatus is shown attached to a fiat bottomed boat having a sharp prow and a keel or fin 13.

A boat of this type is provided with two channels 14 located adjacent the outer edges of the bottom 15 and converging with the sides 16 to points in close proximity to the is provided with three holes 17, one located at the extreme forwardend of the channel adjacent the fin 13, another intermediate the ends of and the third adjacent the rear end of the channel. The rearward and intermediate holes 17 of each channel are provided with separate vertically extending pipes 18 passing up through the deck of the boat. Each one of these pipes is connected by means of two right angled branch pipes 19 with holes 20 in the side of the boat. Both intermediate pipes 18 are also connected by means of forwardly and downwardly extending branch pipes 21 withthe holes 17 in the extreme forward end oftheir respective channels. Suitable valves or cut-offs 22 are located in the pipes 21. 7

'When the apparatus is to be installed in a vessel having steelplates,'the channels are :arranged and the pipes secured in the manner shown in Figs. 10 and 11. The plate 23, .at the point at which the pipe is to be connected, is struckup to form a flange 24 gwhich isithen riveted toan underlying plate 25 so as to form a channel 26. A hole2'7 opening intothe channel 26.is then. drilled through the flange 24 and is provided with It will be seen from the foregoing description (Figs. 1 to 6), that, when a suction or a partial vacuum is generated by the movement of the boat through the water, air will be sucked through the pipes 5 into the channel 4 where it will expand and tend to relieve the partial vacuum formed, thus doing away with the downward drag on the bow and causing it to ride higher in the water. Atthe same time, part of the air sucked into thepipes 5 is drawn through the branch pipes 7 and the holes 8 in the stem 3 by the suction created at these points. The egress of air from the holes 8 in the stem will also tend to overcome the suction and facilitate the progress of the boat through the water.

In a like manner, part of the air sucked into i the pipes 5 passes through the branch pipes 9 and through the holes 10in the side of the boat. These streams of air will .tend to overcome what is known as the skin friction of the water on the sides of the'boa-t. The valves 11, shown at various places on my apparatus, will serve to keepthe water, from entering the boat in case the upper portion of the pipes ,5 should be accidentally injured. j

The operation of the form shown in Figs. 7 to 11 is obviously the same as that just described in connection with Figs. 1 to .6.

Referring to the form shownxin Figs. 12 to 14 inclusive, it will be notedthat the inventionisapplied to a :power vessel denoted by 31 which has a hollowv under-body or fin 32 which serves to house the motor 33 and-propeller shaft 34. This vessel in general is of the type shown and described in my United States Letters Patent No. 867654, granted October 8, 1907.

Inthe form. illustrated iii-Figs- 12 130 14, the under-body or fin 32 is constructed of :metal and the outlets for the air pipes are arranged as shown'and described in connection with Figs. 10 and 1-1. These Outlets are shown as four in number, arranged in pairs diametrically opposed and denoted by 35, 35, and 36, 36. Thepair'35arearranged in the upper partof the under-body 32 and forward of the pair 36. Each pair iscone nected by a cross pipe 37, 38, which. cross pipes are joined tomain upright air pipes 39, 40, which protrude through the deck-of the vessel.

Sincethe operation ofthe invention 'when, i125 It will be understoodthat myriiWQH may be applied to vessels or boats of all descriptions and is readily adaptable for use on a boat operated under its own power or to a seow, barge, or sail boat.

It will also be understood that various changes may be resorted to in the form, construction and arrangement of the several parts without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention and hence I do not intend to be limited to the details shown and described except as they may be specifically set forth in the claims.

What I claim is 1. A ship or vessel having a substantially fiat bottom, a channel in said bottom at substantially the point where the stem and bottom meet, means for overcoming the suction or partial vacuum created by the movement of the vessel through the water, said means comprising a plurality of air pipes, the upper ends of which open into the air above the waterline and the lower ends of which open into the channel in the bottom of the vessel, and branch pipes leading from the suction pipes to openings in the sides of the vessel.

2. A ship or vessel having a substantially fiat bottom, a narrow transverse channel in said bottom near the point where the stem and bottom meet and extending entirely across the said bottom, and means for overcoming the suction or partial vacuum created by the movement of the vessel through the water, said means comprising a plurality of air pipes, the upper ends of which open into the air above the water line and the lower ends of which open into, and are substantially flush with, the bottom of the Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the said channel, and branch pipes leading from the suction pipes to openings in the stem of the vessel.

3. A ship or vessel having a substantially flat bottom, a channel in said bottom near the point where the stem and bottom meet and a channel near the point where the stern and bottom meet, and means for overcoming the suction or partial vacuum created by the movement of the vessel through the water, said means comprising two sets of air pipes, the upper ends of one set of pipes opening into the air at points near the bow, the upper ends of the other set opening into the air at points near the stern, and the lower ends of the said sets of pipes opening into their respective channels in the bottom of the vessel.

4. A ship or vessel having a substantially flat bottom, a transverse channel in said bottom near the point where the stem and bottom meet and a transverse channel near the point where the stern and bottom meet, and means for overcoming the suction or partial vacuum created by the movement of the vessel through the water, said means comprising two sets of air pipes, the upper ends of one set of pipes opening into the air at points near the bow, the upper ends of the other set opening into the air at points near the stern, and the lower ends of the said sets of pipes opening into their respective channels in the bottom of the vessel.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name, this first day of February 1918.

SAMUEL GOLDEN.

Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). C. 

